记忆理论与词汇教学
【摘要】:本文探讨了记忆理论和英语词汇教学。研究的目的是为了使所学的东西更好地进入人脑的长期记忆领域,解决学生记忆单词的困难,排除学英语的障碍。在研究过程中,作者借鉴了心理学和国内外学者对外语教学的研究成果,将语言学和心理学研究结合起来,阐述了记忆理论所关注的三个记忆阶段、记忆技巧、个体差异和外语教学中基础词汇的教学、高频率词和低频率词汇的教学原则、直接教学法和间接教学法、以及最受注目的阅读习得词汇的方法,详尽陈述了目前国内外最新的英语词汇的教学技巧和策略,还介绍了两个具体的教学法,意在利用记忆和外语教学理论指导英语教学,探索有效的教学方法,并把它运用到课堂上进行具体的教学,从而进一步改进教育教学方法,提高英语教学质量。研究表明:在中学阶段,词汇获得主要靠有意学习。英语老师要综合运用本文的教学方法和策略,直接教词汇,同时也要间接教词汇——提供合适的材料让学生多听、多阅读。最后要注意激发不同学生的学习动机,多向他们介绍有效的学习方法和策略,帮助学生自主学习。
【关键词】:长期记忆 外语 词汇 教学方法
【学位授予单位】:福建师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2005
【分类号】:H319.3
【DOI】:CNKI:CDMD:2.2006.020412
【目录】:
【学位授予单位】:福建师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2005
【分类号】:H319.3
【DOI】:CNKI:CDMD:2.2006.020412
【目录】:
- 中文摘要2-3
- ABSTRACT3-4
- 中文文摘4-7
- Synopsis7-10
- Acknowledgements10-14
- Introduction14-16
- Part One Memory Theory16-36
- Chapter 1 Information Processing ( Systems )16-19
- 1.1 Category of Memory16
- 1.2 The Computer Analogy16-17
- 1.3 Basic Memory Processes17-18
- 1.3.1 Encoding17
- 1.3.2 Storage17
- 1.3.3 Retrieval17-18
- 1.4 Memory Systems ( structures)18
- 1.5 The Information Processing Model18-19
- Chapter Two Sensory Memory19-21
- 2.1 The Types of Information Stored in Sensory Register19-21
- Chapter Three Short-Term or Working Memory21-26
- 3.1 Working Memory21-22
- 3.2 Rehearsal Function22-23
- 3.3 The Span of Short-Term Memory23-24
- 3.4 Serial Position Effect24
- 3.5 Forgetting from Short-Term Memory24-26
- Chapter Four Long-Term Memory26-36
- 4.1 Types of Long-Term Memory26-27
- 4.2 Encoding in the Long-Term Memory27-31
- 4.2.1 The Level of Processing27-28
- 4.2.2 Effort of Processing28-29
- 4.2.3 Distinctiveness29
- 4.2.4 Elaborative Processing29-30
- 4.2.5 Organization and Memory30
- 4.2.6 The Spacing Effect30
- 4.2.7 Massed and Distributed Practice30
- 4.2.8 Imagery30-31
- 4.3 Mnemonic Techniques31-33
- 4.3.1 Method of Loci31
- 4.3.2 Pegword Technique31-32
- 4.3.3 The Link System32
- 4.3.4 Narrative Stories32
- 4.3.5 Keyword Technique32-33
- 4.4 Retrieval from the Long-Term Memory33-34
- 4.4.1 Metamemory33-34
- 4.5 Storage of the Long-Term Memory34
- 4.6 Forgetting in the Long-Term Memory34-35
- 4.7 The Differences of Learners35-36
- Part Two Foreign Language Theory36-45
- Chapter Five Vocabulary Teaching and Learning36-45
- 5.1 Words and Vocabulary36
- 5.2 Determinants of Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning36-38
- 5.2.1 Familiarity of Features36
- 5.2.2 Combinations of Features: Phonotactic Regularity36-37
- 5.2.3 Semantic Content37
- 5.2.4 Word Class37
- 5.2.5 Imageability of Concept37
- 5.2.6 Word Frequency37-38
- 5.2.7 Word Meaningfulness38
- 5.2.8 Word Length38
- 5.2.9 Familiarity of Grapheme to Phoneme Mappings38
- 5.2.10 Similarity of FL and Native Words38
- 5.3 The Importance of Teaching Vocabulary38-41
- 5.3.1 Teaching Basic English Words39-40
- 5.3.2 Productive Vocabulary Versus Receptive Vocabulary40-41
- 5.4 General Principles for Teaching Vocabulary41-42
- 5.4.1 Principle for Dealing with High-Frequency and Low-Frequency Vocabulary41
- 5.4.2 Direct Approach and Indirect Approach to Vocabulary Teaching41-42
- 5.5 Learning Words through Reading in Context42-44
- 5.6 Theoretical Implication44-45
- Part Three Vocabulary Teaching Methods45-57
- Chapter Six Techniques and Strategies of Vocabulary Teaching45-53
- 6.1 Memory Span45
- 6.2 Forgetting45
- 6.3 Learning a Word ,45-46
- 6.4 Relate New Words with the Old46
- 6.5 Promote a Deep Level of Mental Processing46-47
- 6.6 Recall the Words47
- 6.7 Facilitate Imaging and Concreteness47
- 6.8 Use a Variety of Techniques47-50
- 6.8.1 Use of Context47-48
- 6.8.2 Use Word Pairs48
- 6.8.3 Word Unit Analysis48
- 6.8.4 Mnemonic Devices48-49
- 6.8.5 Semantic Elaboration49
- 6.8.6 Collocations and Lexical Phrases49-50
- 6.8.7 Oral Production50
- 6.8.8 Massed and Distributed Practice50
- 6.8.9 Serial Learning50
- 6.8.10 Revision and Testing50
- 6.9 Deliberate Learning50-51
- 6.10 Recycling Words51
- 6.11 Setting up Vocabulary Notebooks51
- 6.12 Encourage Independent Learning Strategies51-52
- 6.13 Individual Differences52-53
- Chapter Seven Concrete Examples of Vocabulary Pedagogy53-57
- 7.1 Teaching Vocabulary through Communication Tasks53-55
- 7.2 Teaching Vocabulary through Code-Mixing55-57
- Conclusion57-58
- Bibliography58-60
- 授权声明60
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